Addiction is when we don’t have control over doing, taking or using something to the point that it becomes harmful to us.1
Common addictions include smoking, drugs, alcohol and gambling. However, other addictions can include work, shopping, or even using our phones/social media. The effects of some addictions (e.g. drug and alcohol) can include serious psychological and physical effects as well as being harmful to work and relationships.1
The causes of addiction are varied; with substance addiction (e.g. drugs and alcohol), the substances can change the way we feel physically and emotionally, stimulating the brains reward centre which creates the urge to use them again.2
This cycle becomes repeated as not having the substance creates an unpleasant withdrawal or ‘come down,’ therefore it is easier to continue with what you are doing or taking than to stop.
Addiction is thought to be influenced by genetics and environmental factors, including coping with unbearable pain, stress, poverty, unemployment and being around others with addictions.2
References:
1 https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-body/addiction-what-is-it/ (accessed January 13th, 2022)
2 https://www.bacp.co.uk/bacp-journals/healthcare-counselling-and-psychotherapy-journal/april-2020/working-with-addiction/ (accessed January 14th, 2022)